logo logo European Journal of English Language Studies

EJELS is is a, peer reviewed, online academic research journal.

Subscribe to

Receive Email Alerts

for special events, calls for papers, and professional development opportunities.

Subscribe

Publisher (HQ)

RHAPSODE
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
College House, 2nd Floor 17 King Edwards Road, Ruislip, London, HA4 7AE, UK
RHAPSODE
Headquarters
College House, 2nd Floor 17 King Edwards Road, Ruislip, London, HA4 7AE, UK
Research Article

Teaching Speaking to EFL Students in the Multilingual Context of Nepal: A Classroom Action Research

Pitambar Paudel

In the realm of language skills, speaking holds a pivotal position, making it imperative for classroom instruction to place a strong emphasis on its d.


  • Pub. date: September 15, 2024
  • Online Pub. date: September 05, 2024
  • Pages: 119-135
  • 21 Downloads
  • 50 Views
  • 0 Citations
I

In the realm of language skills, speaking holds a pivotal position, making it imperative for classroom instruction to place a strong emphasis on its development. Teaching English speaking skills to Nepali EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students poses a unique set of challenges owing to English's non-native status in Nepal. To tackle these challenges and enhance the speaking abilities of Nepali students, English teachers in Nepal must adopt innovative strategies due to the limited daily use of English in their environment. This classroom action research endeavors to enhance the English speaking proficiency of EFL students in Nepal through the implementation of various communicative activities. These activities include role play, impromptu speaking exercises, language games such as "who is telling the truth", video tapping, and discussions. The interventions were applied to a group of 60 undergraduate students at a university who were learning English as a foreign language. The data gathered from participant classroom observations and unstructured interviews underwent thematic analysis, resulting in the identification of six distinct themes. The results demonstrated a noteworthy improvement in students' English speaking skills, attributing this progress to the implementation of communicative activities. The findings underscore the effectiveness of communicative activities as interventions for enhancing the English speaking abilities of university-level EFL undergraduates. In light of these results, it is recommended that both students and teachers remain cognizant of the contextual and appropriate use of communicative activities as a means to further improve English speaking skills among EFL students.

Keywords: Communicative activities, diversities, EFL context, English speaking skills.

cloud_download PDF
Cite
Article Metrics
Views
21
Download
50
Citations
Crossref
0

References

Aba Sha'ar, M. Y. M., & Boonsuk, Y. (2021). What hinders English speaking in Thai EFL learners? Investigating factors that affect the development of their English speaking skills. MEXTESOL Journal, 45(3). https://bit.ly/3MjnGgh

Abbassi, A. (2016). The impact of willingness to communicate on EFL learner’s speaking ability: The case of second year LMD students at Tlemcen University [Master’s thesis, Univeristy of Tlemcen]. DSpace   Univeristy of Tlemcen. http://dspace.univ-tlemcen.dz/handle/112/9037

Abrar, M., Mukminin, A., Habibi, A., Asyrafi, F., Makmur, M., & Marzulina, L. (2018). If our English isn’t a language, what is it? Indonesian EFL student teachers’ challenges speaking English. The Qualitative Report, 23(1), 129-145. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3013  

Albogami, A., & Algethami, G. (2022). Exploring the use of WhatsApp for teaching speaking to English language learners: A case study. Arab World English Journal, (2 SI), 183-201. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/covid2.12 

Al Hosni, S. (2014). Speaking difficulties encountered by young EFL learners. International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature, 2(6), 22-30. https://www.arcjournals.org/pdfs/ijsell/v2-i6/4.pdf  

Alrabai, F. (2014). A model of foreign language anxiety in the Saudi EFL context. English Language Teaching, 7(7), 82-101.  https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v7n7p82

Alsalihi, H. D. (2020). Main difficulties faced by EFL students in language learning. Journal of College of Education for Women, 31(2), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.36231/coedw.v31i2.1359

Al-Sobhi, B. M. S., & Preece, A. S. (2018). Teaching English speaking skills to the Arab students in the Saudi school in Kuala Lumpur: Problems and solutions. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 6(1), 1-11.  https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.1p.1

 Alzamil, A. (2021). Teaching English speaking online versus face-to-face: Saudi students’ experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arab World English Journal, 12(1) 19-27. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol12no1.2   

Anida, A., & Patmasari, A. (2018). The students’ perceptions of creating videos to engage them in speaking. ESL Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies on Humanities, 1(3), 272-287. https://doi.org/10.34050/els-jish.v1i3.4757  

Arta, B. (2019). Multiple studies: The influence of collaborative learning approach on Indonesian secondary high school students’ English-speaking skills. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 1(3), 149-160. https://doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v1i3.143

Azizah, F. (2018). Using discussion technique to improve students’ speaking skill in English [Masters’ thesis, Makassar Muhammadiyah University]. Digital Library Unismuh Mukassar. https://bit.ly/3TlaMTd

Bangun, B. K. (2018). Improving students’ speaking skill by using show and tell method: A classroom action research. International Journal of Language Teaching and Education, 2(1), 41-48. https://doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v2i1.4517

Chand, G. B. (2021). Challenges faced by bachelor level students while speaking English. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 45-60.  https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v6i1.853  

Dansieh, S. A., Owusu, E., & Seidu, G. A. (2021). Glossophobia: The fear of public speaking in ESL students in Ghana. Language Teaching, 1(1), 22-35. https://doi.org/10.30560/lt.v1n1p22  

Dincer, A., & Dariyemez, T. (2020). Proficient speakers of English as a foreign language: A focus-group study. IAFOR Journal of Education: Language Learning in Education, 8(1), 834-99. https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.1.05

Elnadee, E. A. E., & Abdala, A. H. E. H. (2019). The effectiveness of English club as free voluntary speaking activity strategy in fostering speaking skill in Saudi Arabia context. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 2(1), 230-235. https://bit.ly/3yNrCTo

Encalada, M. A. R., & Sarmiento, S. M. A. (2019). Perceptions about self-recording videos to develop EFL speaking skills in two Ecuadorian universities. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 10(1), 60-67. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1001.07

Hughes, R., & Reed, B. S. (2017). Teaching and researching speaking (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315692395

Hung, S.-T. A., & Huang, H.-T. D. (2015). Video blogging and English presentation performance: A pilot study. Psychological Reports, 117(2), 614-630. https://doi.org/10.2466%2F11.PR0.117c20z6  

Imane, B. (2015). Difficulties encountered by students in learning the productive skills in EFL classroom and the relationship between speaking and writing: Case of First Year LMD Students at Abou Bekr-Belkaid [Unpublished extended essay]. Academia. https://bit.ly/46TObm0

Kara, E., Ayaz, A. D., & Dündar, T. (2017). Challenges in EFL speaking classes in Turkish context. European Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 3(2), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v8i1.p66-74   

Kathmandu University. (2018, June 5). KUCAT 2018 program-wise score list. https://bit.ly/3T7fund

Kaur, D., & Aziz, A. A. (2020). The use of language game in enhancing students’ speaking skills. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(12), 687-706. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i12/8369

Kondal, B., & Prasad, V. D. (2020). Effectiveness of video recording towards developing speaking skills. Waffen-und Kostumkunde Journal, XI(IX), 42-47.

Krashen, S. (1985). The input hypothesis: Issues and implications. Longman.

Leong, L.-M., & Ahmadi, S. M. (2017). An analysis of factors influencing learners’ English speaking skills. International Journal of Research in English Education, 2(1), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.ijree.2.1.34

Mahdi, A. M. (2020). Motivation toward English language learning - A study of undergraduates Iraqi students. Journal of Al-Frahedis Arts, 12(40), 719-729. https://www.iasj.net/iasj/article/175571   

Manoharan, P. K. (2008). Education and personality development. APH Publishing.

Mid-West University. (n.d.). About university. Retrieved June 12, 2018, from https://www.mwu.edu.np/about-university/

Munawarah, S. (2012). The effect of using impromptu speech technique toward students’ speaking ability at the second year of state senior high school 12 Pekanbaru [Undergraduate thesis, State Islamic University Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau]. Institutional Repository- State Islamic University Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. https://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/9411/1/2012_2012222.pdf  

Muslimah, M., Usman, B., & Iskandar, A. S. (2021). Teaching speaking report text through documentary video. Research in English and Education, 6(1), 42-48. https://jim.usk.ac.id/READ/article/view/16597/7620   

National Population Census. (2021). National report on cast/ ethnicity, language and religion. National Statistics Office. https://bit.ly/3YSlV1l

Nepal Sanskrit University. (n.d.). Homepage. Retrieved June 23, 2020, https://nsu.edu.np/

Nikmah, A., & Zam Zami, M. A. N. (2019). The implementation of role-play to improve speaking skill of students at IAIN Kudus. Journal of English Teaching and Learning Issues, 2(2), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.21043/jetli.v2i2.6104

Nunan, D. (2004). Task based language teaching. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667336

Paudel, P. (2022). Changing spectrum of English language curricula in higher education [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Nepal Sanskrit University.

Purbanchal University. (n.d.). Homepage. Retrieved April 5, 2020, from http://purbuniv.edu.np/

Qureshi, N. K. (2023, March 22). The importance of soft skills in the professional world. LinkedIn. https://bit.ly/4fSdIQy

Revathi Devi, M. R. (2022). The importance of speaking and listening abilities for EFL students. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 5(7), 1-5. https://bit.ly/4dS9EhC

Savitri, A. S. (2013). The use of language games to improve the students’ speaking ability of class vii a of smpma’arif terpadu muntilan in the academic year of 2012/2013 [Masters’ thesis, Yogyakarta State University]. Yogyakarta State University. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33516804.pdf

Sosas, R. V. (2021). Technology in teaching speaking and its effects to students learning English. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(2), 958-970. https://doi.org/10.52462/jlls.66  

Sukrutit, P. (2023). Students’ perceptions of speaking English in front of the class versus speaking English via self-recorded videos posted on a private Facebook group. LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 16(1), 272-295. https://bit.ly/3WVY7qr

Sun, Y.-C., & Yang, F.-Y. (2015). I help, therefore, I learn: Service learning on Web 2.0 in an EFL speaking class. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 28(3), 202-219.  https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2013.818555  

Sunata, S. (2019). Classroom action research-based lesson study in determining the formula of circle area. International Journal of Science and Applied Science: Conference Series, 3(1), 118-130. https://doi.org/10.20961/ijsascs.v3i1.32434

Tribhuvan University. (n.d.). Homepage. Retrieved from May 5, 2018, https://tu.edu.np/

Ur, P. (1991). A course in language teaching: Practice and theory. Cambridge University Press.

 Uso-Juan, E., & Martinez-Flor, A. (Eds.). (2006). Current trends in the development and teaching of the four language skills (Studies on Language Acquisition). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110197778

Wang, L. (2020). Application of affective filter hypothesis in junior English vocabulary teaching. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 11(6), 983-987. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1106.16  

World Bank. (2017). Global economy in 2017: Hope and uncertainty. http://surl.li/azsprz  

Xu, M. (2016). The application of input hypothesis and affective filter hypothesis in colleges English listening teaching. In T. Kong & C. Wang (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2016 2nd International Conference on Education Technology, Management and Humanities Science (pp. 82-86). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/etmhs-16.2016.17  

Zhang, S. (2009). The role of input, interaction, and output in the development of Oral Fluency. English Language Teaching, 2(4), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v2n4p91

...